34 publications from the Gookin laboratory at North Carolina State University, grouped by the question each one answers. Fifteen are Gookin's as lead author; nineteen are her laboratory's output led by a trainee or collaborator, which the credit should reflect. Every citation links to its PubMed record, so nothing here has to be taken on trust.
| Citation | Question it answers |
|---|---|
| Gookin et al., J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;215:1450–1454PMID 10579040 | The founding paper. Chronic large-bowel diarrhea in cats, caused by a trichomonad nobody had looked for. 1st author |
| Gookin et al., Am J Vet Res 2001;62:1690–1697PMID 11703009 | Koch's postulates. Confirms causation, not just correlation. Also shows organisms colonise ileum, cecum and colon. 1st author |
| Levy et al., J Parasitol 2003;89:99–104PMID 12659310 | Corrects the misidentification. Many cats had been "diagnosed" with the wrong organism — or with Giardia. |
| Levy et al., JAVMA 2001;218:194–195PMID 11195822 | Early field correction on misdiagnosis. |
| Citation | Question it answers |
|---|---|
| Gookin et al., J Clin Microbiol 2002;40:4126–4130PMID 12409385 | The PCR that became the diagnostic standard. Detection limit ~1 organism; practical limit 10 organisms / 200 mg feces. 1st author |
| Gookin et al., JAVMA 2003;222:1376–1379PMID 12762381 | Validates the InPouch TF culture system. 1st author |
| Stauffer et al., J Vet Diagn Invest 2008;20:639–641PMID 18776100 | Pre-analytical handling matters — extraction method changes the answer. |
| Hedgespeth et al., J Vet Intern Med 2020;34:734–741PMID 32039505 | Loop-collected feces beat other collection methods for PCR. And: ronidazole showed no association with PCR result, with a 21% all-potential-causes failure rate in pre-confirmed cats. |
| Gookin et al., Vet Parasitol 2007;145:11–15PMID 17127004 | Differential diagnosis — the harmless look-alike. 1st author |
| Gookin et al., AJVR 2007;68:783–787PMID 17605615 | Same, canine side. 1st author |
| Gookin et al., Vet Parasitol 2010;172:139–143PMID 20447769 | How to find it on a biopsy after the fact. 1st author |
| Citation | Question it answers |
|---|---|
| Gookin et al., J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:2707–2710PMID 15184456 | The prevalence/risk-factor paper. Selected by Faculty of 1000 Biology as one of the most interesting papers in the biological sciences (2007). 1st author |
| Foster et al., JAVMA 2004;225:888–892PMID 15485048 | The single most important paper for owners. Diarrhea usually resolves spontaneously within ~2 years — and treatment may prolong time to resolution. |
| Bissett et al., J Feline Med Surg 2009;11:803–807PMID 19285895 | Geographic variation — Australia far lower than the USA at the time. |
| Bissett et al., Aust Vet J 2008;86:440–443PMID 18959533 | Coinfection is normal, not exceptional. Treating only one organism fails. |
| Gray et al., AJVR 2010;71:76–81PMID 20043785 | No reproductive-tract colonisation found. Unlike cattle, this is not a venereal disease in cats. Important because owners get told otherwise. |
| Tolbert et al., Vet Parasitol 2012;187:319–322PMID 22264747 | It's not exclusively feline. Dogs get trichomonads too. |
| Gookin et al., J Parasitol 2005;91:939–943PMID 17089769 | Same, earlier. 1st author |
| Citation | Question it answers |
|---|---|
| Yaeger et al., Vet Pathol 2005;42:797–804PMID 16301576 | What the colon looks like under the microscope. |
| Tolbert et al., Vet Parasitol 2013;192:75–82PMID 23182300 | It physically attaches. It is not a passive bystander. |
| Tolbert et al., Infect Immun 2014;82:2851–2859PMID 24752513 | CP30 cysteine protease identified as a virulence factor and a candidate drug target. |
| Tolbert et al., J Vet Intern Med 2016;30:516–526PMID 26946069 | The comprehensive pathogenesis review. |
| Bierlein et al., PLoS One 2021;16:e0246957PMID 33606740 | The dysbiosis paper. Megamonas and Helicobacter up in infected cats; Dialister and Megamonas down post-infection. Hypothesis: the organism competes for fermentable substrates. BioProject PRJNA692463. |
| Dickson et al., Vet Parasitol 2019;273:90–96PMID 31454711 | Probiotic Enterococcus faecium inhibits growth, adhesion and cytotoxicity in vitro. Prevention hypothesis only — no clinical trial yet. |
| Citation | Question it answers |
|---|---|
| Gookin et al., J Vet Intern Med 2006;20:536–543PMID 16734086 | The efficacy paper. 10 mg/kg q12h failed (relapse in all 5 cats at 2–20 weeks). 30 or 50 mg/kg q12h for 14 days cleared 10/10 experimentally infected cats, PCR-negative 21–30 weeks out. Note the q12h — later superseded, see E6. 1st author |
| Gookin et al., AJVR 2007;68:1085–1088PMID 17916015 | Tinidazole reduces detection and confers some resistance to re-infection, but fails to eradicate in many cats. The backup is genuinely second-rate. 1st author |
| Gookin et al., J Vet Intern Med 2010;24:1003–1007PMID 20492492 | Resistance is real, not a compounding excuse. Mechanism: increased oxygen scavenging outcompetes the drug for ferredoxin-bound electrons. 1st author |
| LeVine et al., J Feline Med Surg 2011;13:244–250PMID 21239199 | Half-life ≈ 10.5 h. Bioavailability ≈ 99.6%. Drug still detectable at 48 h. This is the paper that killed twice-daily dosing. |
| Papich et al., J Vet Pharm Exp Therap 2013;36:399–407PMID 23106427 | A colon-targeted formulation gave 84% clearance with no adverse effects at 30 mg/kg q24h — but it is not commercially available and not readily compoundable. This is the most promising dead end in the field. |
| LeVine et al., J Feline Med Surg 2014;16:198PMID 24101744 | The current dosing position, from the senior author. 30 mg/kg q24h × 14 days. The old 30–50 mg/kg q12h accumulates and risks neurotoxicity. Explicitly notes the revised dose was never efficacy-tested — an open hole. |
| Gookin et al., doi:10.1016/j.vetpar 2024;331:110295PMID 39222580 | The most recent drug paper. A gold-salt repurposing candidate that worked in the dish and failed in the cat. Worth publishing openly so nobody repeats it. 1st author |
| Gookin et al., JAVMA 1999;215:1821–3, 1806PMID 10613215 | A safety paper, not a treatment paper. Paromomycin caused acute kidney failure in cats. Any resource that still lists paromomycin as an option needs this citation attached to it. No Gookin-Lab trichomonosis bibliography I found on the open web carries this forward — see §G. 1st author Safety |
| Citation | Question it answers |
|---|---|
| Tolbert et al., Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 2009;31:374–81, 390; quiz 381PMID 19866444 | The CE review for practitioners. |
| Gookin et al., J Feline Med Surg 2017;19:261–274PMID 28245739 | The definitive review and the intellectual spine of your site. Commissioned Premier Review; ~19,828 views/downloads; one of the most-cited articles in the journal. Contains the colonic-wash PCR technique. 1st author |
Tritrichomonas blagburni returns 9 records. Only one of those is in the
34 above (the auranofin paper, indexed under both names); the other eight are external, and two are not
about feline trichomonosis at all — a band-tailed pigeon study and a feline-coronavirus paper that
merely mentions the term. Adding them to the count would have been wrong. Every search hit is read
before it is counted.